__________ play structural and catalytic role during translation.

Options

A. tRNAs
B. rRNAs
C. mRNAs
D. DNA Polymerase

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Translation**: Translation is the process by which proteins are synthesized from messenger RNA (mRNA). During this process, the information encoded in the mRNA is used to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, which then folds into a functional protein.

2. **Types of RNA Involved**: There are three main types of RNA involved in translation:
- **mRNA (messenger RNA)**: Carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
- **tRNA (transfer RNA)**: Brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis and helps decode the mRNA.
- **rRNA (ribosomal RNA)**: Forms the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.

3. **Identifying the Role of rRNA**: The question specifically asks about the molecules that play a structural and catalytic role during translation. The ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is crucial in this context:
- **Structural Role**: rRNA is a key component of ribosomes, providing the structural framework for the ribosome.
- **Catalytic Role**: rRNA catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids, facilitating the synthesis of the polypeptide chain.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the roles of the different types of RNA, the correct answer to the question is ribosomal RNA (rRNA), as it plays both a structural and catalytic role during translation.

**Final Answer**: rRNA

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