which of the following is characterize by complete stoppage of heartbeat?

Options

A. cardiac arrest
B. heart failure
C. heart attack
D. Angina poctoris

Answer

To solve the question "which of the following is characterized by complete stoppage of heartbeat?", we will analyze the options provided and identify the correct answer step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for a condition that is characterized by the complete stoppage of the heartbeat. This means we are looking for a medical term that describes a scenario where the heart stops beating entirely.

2. **Identifying the Options**: The options typically include terms related to heart conditions such as cardiac arrest, heart failure, heart attack, and angina pectoris. We need to evaluate each term to see which one fits the description of complete stoppage of heartbeat.

3. **Evaluating Cardiac Arrest**: Cardiac arrest is defined as a sudden loss of heart function, which leads to the heart stopping its pumping action. This condition is indeed characterized by the complete stoppage of the heartbeat. Therefore, this option is a strong candidate for the correct answer.

4. **Evaluating Heart Failure**: Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure, occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood effectively. However, the heart does not stop beating completely; it continues to function but is inefficient. Thus, this option does not fit the description.

5. **Evaluating Heart Attack**: A heart attack, or myocardial infarction, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, leading to damage of heart muscle. While this can lead to severe complications, it does not necessarily mean the heart has stopped beating completely. Therefore, this option is also incorrect.

6. **Evaluating Angina Pectoris**: Angina pectoris is characterized by chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart. It does not involve the complete stoppage of the heartbeat, making this option incorrect as well.

7. **Conclusion**: After evaluating all the options, we find that the only condition characterized by the complete stoppage of heartbeat is **cardiac arrest**. Therefore, the correct answer is **cardiac arrest**.

### Final Answer:
**Cardiac arrest** is characterized by the complete stoppage of heartbeat.

---