Give the general characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes.

Explanation

Characteristics of general equilibria :
1. The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction `(u_(f)=u_(b))`
2. The concentrations of the reactants and the products remain unchanged with time. 3. The observable properties such as pressure, concentration, density, colour also remain unchanged with time.
4. The equilibrium is dynamic in nature. Both the forward reaction and the reverse reaction continue to take place simultaneously with equal rates.
5. A catalyst does not alter the state of equilibrium or the composition of the chemical substances of the reaction. at the equilibrium. It only speeds up the attainment of the equilibrium.
6. Chemical equilibrium can be established from either side of the reversible reaction.