What are different excretory organs In Periplaneta ? Describe the process of excretion in detail.

Explanation

The structures associated with excretory function are :Malpighian tubles Fat bodies , uricose glands , Nephrocytes (Ref . NCERT ) and Cuticle .
Malpighian tubue : The malpighian tubules are long , unbranched yellowish tubules , attached at the extreme anterior end of the hindgut , lying freely in the heamolymph , but do not open into it being bliand at the free ends . They are 100-150 in number arranged in 6-8 bundles , each bundle having 15-25 tubules . Each tubule is lined by a single layer of epithelium with a brush border on the inner surface . The distal portion of the tubule is secretory and the proximal part is absorptive in nature .
The glandular cells of the malpighian tubules absorb water salts , `CO_(2)` and nirtrogenous wastes from the haemolymph and secrete then into the lumen of the tubules . the cell tha proximal part of the tubules reabsorb water and certain inorganic salts . By the contraction of the tubules urine is pushed into the ileum . More water is reabsorbed from it when it moves in to the rectum and almost solid uric acid is excreted along with feacal matter .
The removal of nitrogenous waste material through the alimentary canal helps in complete reabsorption of water from the wastes and formation of dry uric acid . lt is an adaptation for conservation of water as it is very important in terrestrial organisms.
Fat bodies : Fat body is a lobed white structures . Urate cells present in these bodies are associated with excreation in a way .These cells absorb and store uric acid through out the life . This is called storage excretion as they remain stored in the cells of the corpora adiposa .
Uricose glands : Uric acid is stored in uricose gland or utriculi majores of the mushroom gland in male cockroach . lt is discharged during copulation .
Cuticle : Some nitrogenous waste materials are deposited on the cuticle and eliminated during moulting .