The absolute growth rate and relative growth rates of living systems are.

Explanation

a) Sigmoid Growth Curve : It consists of 3 phases namely
1) lag phase
2) log pase
3) stationary phase.
1) Lag phase : Growth is slow
2) Log phase : Growth increases rapidly at an exponential rate
3) Stationary phase: Limited nutrient supply, slows down the growth leading to a stationary phase. If we plot the parameter of growth against time, we get a typical sigmoid or S-curve.

b) Absolute and relative growth rates : Measurement and comparision of the total growth per unit time is called absolute growth rate. The growth of the given system per unit time expressed on a common basis, e.g., per unit initial parameter is called relative growth rate.