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Define transformation in Griffith's Expe...

Define transformation in Griffith's Experiment Discuss how it helps in the identification of DNA as genetic meterial.

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Frederick Griffith (1928) conducted experiments on streptococcus pneumoniae and observed a transformation in bacteria. When streptococcus were grown on a culture plate, some produced smooth shiny colonies (s) while others produced rough colonies (R ). Mice injected with .s. shain (mucous coat) die from pneumonia infection but mice injected with R strain do not develop pneumonia.
He injected heat killed .s. strain becteria to mice, It is healthy. Finally he injected heat killed S and R strains, the mice died. He concluded that the R strain bacteria had been transformed by heat killed .s. strain bacteria. Some transforming principle transferred from heat killed strain to R strain to synthesize a mucous coat and become virulent. This is due to the transfer of genetic material.
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Knowledge Check

  • Side by side experiments are conducted, to identify DNA as genetic material, unequivocally by

    A
    Griffith
    B
    O.T. Avery, Mac Leod and Mc Carty
    C
    D. Hershy and M.Chase
    D
    Wattson and Crick

  • From his transformation experiments Griffith concluded that transforming principle might be

    A
    DNA
    B
    Polysaccharide capsule
    C
    A compound required for capsule synthesis
    D
    Either (2) or (3)

  • Whose experiments cracked the DNA and discovered unequivocally that a genetic code is a "triplet"

    A
    Hershey and Chase
    B
    Morgan and Sturtevant
    C
    Beadle and Tatum
    D
    Nirenberg and Mathaei