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Type - II restriction enzymes...

Type - II restriction enzymes

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Two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of Bacteriophage in Escherichia coli were isolated in the year 1963. One of these added methyl groups to DNA and the other cut DNA. The latter was called restriction endonuclease. The first restriction endonuclease - Hind II which cut DNA molecules at a particular point by recognising a specific sequence of six base pairs, called recognition sequence for Hind II. Today, more than 900 restriction enzymes were isolated from over 200 strains of Bacteria, each of which recognises a different recognition sequence.
E CORI is a restriction enzyme in which, the first letter comes from the Genus (Escherichia), and the second two letters from the species of the Prokaryotic cell [coli], the letter .R. is derived from the name of strain. Roman numbers indicate the order in which the enzymes were isolated from that strain of Bacteria. Restriction enzymes belong to a larger class of enzymes called nucleases. They are of two types.
a) Exonucleases which remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA.
b) Endonucleases which make cuts at specific location with in the DNA.
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