DNA finger printing involves

Explanation

DNA finger printing is a method for identifying an individual by particular structure of their DNA.
Steps involved in DNA finger printing:
1 Obtaining DNA: The DNA sample is collected from blood, saliva , hair root, semen etc.
2 Fragmentating DNA: THE DNA is treated with restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sites and form smaller fragments.
3. Separation of DNA fragments: THe DNA fragments are separated by electrophoresis based on their charge and molecular weight.
4 Denaturaling of DNA: The DNA of the gel is denaturated by using alkaline chemicals.
5 Blotting: Through a blotting technique the DNA fragments on the gel is transferred to nylon membrane.
6 Using probes to identify specific DNA: A radioactive probe is added to the DNA bands, which is complementary to the DNA bands, which is complementary to those of interested gene fragment.
7 Hybridization with probe: After the probe hybridizes, excess probe washed off by washing. A photographic film is placed on the membrane containing DNA hybrids.
8 Exposure on film to make a DNA finger print: The radio active label exposes the film to form bands corresponding to specific DNA bands.
Those bands form a pattern of bare which constitute a DNA finger print.