(a) State three properties which are common to both the beta rays and cathode rays.
(b) How do beta rays differ from cathode rays ?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

**(a) Three Properties Common to Both Beta Rays and Cathode Rays:**

1. **Charge and Mass:**
- Both beta rays and cathode rays are negatively charged particles. They have a charge equal to that of an electron, which is approximately \(1.6 \times 10^{-19}\) coulombs. Additionally, their mass is equal to that of an electron, approximately \(9.1 \times 10^{-31}\) kg.

2. **Deflection by Electric and Magnetic Fields:**
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