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A certain nucleus P has a mass number 15...

A certain nucleus P has a mass number 15 and atomic number 7.
(a) Find the number of neutrons.
(b) Write the symbol for the nucleus P.
( C) The nucleus P loses (i) one proton, (ii) one `beta`-particle, (iii) one `alpha`-particle. Write the symbol of the new nucleus in each case and express each change by a reaction.

Text Solution

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Given : For the nucleus P, `A = 15`, `Z = 7`
(a) Mass number A
= number of protons + number of neutrons and atomic number Z = number of protons.
`thereforeNumber of neutrons
= mass number A - atomic number Z
= 15 - 7 = 8`
(b) The neucleus P can be written as `""_(7)^(15) P`.
(c) (i) After the loss of 1 proton, the mass number and atomic number of the nucleus `""_(7)^(15) P` will decrease by 1. The new nucleus will be `""_(6)^(14) Q` (say). The change can be written as :
`""_(7)^(15)P to _(6)^(14) Q + _(1)^(1) P`
(ii) After the loss of one B-particle, the mass number will remain the same, but the atomic number will increase by 1. The nucleus ` ""_(7)^(15)P` changes to ` ""_(8)^(15)R` (say) as follows:
`""_(7)^(15)P to _(8)^(15) R + _(-1)^(0) e`
(iii) After the loss of one `alpha`-particle, the mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2. The nucleus ` ""_(7)^(15) P` changes to ` ""_(5)^(11) S` (say) as follows :
`""_(7)^(15)P to _(5)^(11) S + _(2)^(4) He`
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