Which of the following transition metal shows the highest oxidation state:

Options

A. `Mn`
B. `Fe`
C. `V`
D. `Cr`

Explanation

To determine which transition metal shows the highest oxidation state among manganese, iron, vanadium, and chromium, we will analyze the electronic configurations and the maximum number of electrons that can be lost by each metal.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Atomic Numbers and Electronic Configurations:**
- **Manganese (Mn)**: Atomic number = 25
- Electronic configuration: \( \text{Ar} \, 3d^5 \, 4s^2 \)
- **Iron (Fe)**: Atomic number = 26
- Electronic configuration: \( \text{Ar} \, 3d^6 \, 4s^2 \)
- **Vanadium (V)**: Atomic number = 23
- Electronic configuration: \( \text{Ar} \, 3d^3 \, 4s^2 \)
- **Chromium (Cr)**: Atomic number = 24
- Electronic configuration: \( \text{Ar} \, 3d^5 \, 4s^1 \)

2. **Determine the Maximum Number of Electrons Each Metal Can Lose:**
- **Manganese**:
- Can lose 5 electrons from \( 3d \) and 2 electrons from \( 4s \).
- Total = 5 + 2 = 7 electrons.
- Maximum oxidation state = +7.
- **Iron**:
- Can lose 6 electrons (4 from \( 3d \) and 2 from \( 4s \)).
- Maximum oxidation state = +6.
- **Vanadium**:
- Can lose 5 electrons (3 from \( 3d \) and 2 from \( 4s \)).
- Maximum oxidation state = +5.
- **Chromium**:
- Can lose 6 electrons (5 from \( 3d \) and 1 from \( 4s \)).
- Maximum oxidation state = +6.

3. **Compare the Maximum Oxidation States:**
- Manganese: +7
- Iron: +6
- Vanadium: +5
- Chromium: +6

4. **Conclusion:**
- Among the given transition metals, manganese shows the highest oxidation state of +7.

### Final Answer:
**Manganese (Mn) shows the highest oxidation state of +7.**