Production of continuous X-rays is caused by

Options

A. Transition of electrons from higher levels to lower levels in target atoms
B. Retardation of incident electron when it enters the target atom.
C. Transistor of electrons from lower levels to higher levels in target atoms.
D. Neutrasing the incident electron.

Answer

To solve the question regarding the production of continuous X-rays, we can break down the process into a few clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding X-ray Production**:
- X-rays are produced when high-energy electrons collide with a target material.

2. **Acceleration of Electrons**:
- Electrons are accelerated through a potential difference (voltage). This acceleration gives the electrons high kinetic energy.

3. **Collision with Target Atoms**:
- The accelerated electrons are directed towards a target material (usually a metal like tungsten). When these electrons strike the target, they interact with the atoms in the target.

4. **Retardation of Electrons**:
- Upon colliding with the target atoms, the high-energy electrons experience a sudden deceleration (retardation). This deceleration occurs due to the electromagnetic forces between the electrons and the nuclei of the target atoms.

5. **Emission of X-rays**:
- The loss of kinetic energy from the electrons, as they are slowed down or stopped, is emitted in the form of X-rays. This process is known as Bremsstrahlung radiation, which is responsible for the continuous spectrum of X-rays.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the production of continuous X-rays is primarily caused by the retardation of incident electrons when they enter the target atom.

### Final Answer:
The production of continuous X-rays is caused by the retardation of incident electrons when they enter the target atom.

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