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The electrostatic potential energy betwe...

The electrostatic potential energy between two identical nuclei produced in the fission on of `._(92)^(238)U` at the moment of their separation is `x` then find `x//180`. Given `R_(0)=1.3xx10^(-15)m` and `epsilon_(0)=8.85xx10^(-12)Fm^(-1)`.

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To solve the problem of calculating the electrostatic potential energy between two identical nuclei produced in the fission of \( _{92}^{238}U \), we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Determine the Charge of Each Nucleus The charge of a nucleus is given by the formula: \[ Q = Z \cdot e \] where \( Z \) is the atomic number and \( e \) is the elementary charge (\( e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, C \)). For uranium, the atomic number \( Z = 92 \). After fission, each nucleus will have: \[ Z' = \frac{92}{2} = 46 \] Thus, the charge of each nucleus is: \[ Q = 46 \cdot (1.6 \times 10^{-19}) = 7.36 \times 10^{-18} \, C \] ### Step 2: Calculate the Radius of Each Nucleus The radius of a nucleus can be estimated using the formula: \[ R = R_0 \cdot A^{1/3} \] where \( R_0 = 1.3 \times 10^{-15} \, m \) and \( A \) is the mass number. For each nucleus after fission, the mass number is: \[ A' = \frac{238}{2} = 119 \] Thus, the radius is: \[ R = 1.3 \times 10^{-15} \cdot (119)^{1/3} \] Calculating \( (119)^{1/3} \): \[ (119)^{1/3} \approx 4.92 \] So, \[ R \approx 1.3 \times 10^{-15} \cdot 4.92 \approx 6.396 \times 10^{-15} \, m \] ### Step 3: Calculate the Distance Between the Two Nuclei Since we are considering the separation at the moment they are just about to separate, the distance \( d \) between the two nuclei is: \[ d = 2R \approx 2 \cdot 6.396 \times 10^{-15} \approx 1.2792 \times 10^{-14} \, m \] ### Step 4: Calculate the Electrostatic Potential Energy The electrostatic potential energy \( U \) between two point charges is given by: \[ U = \frac{k \cdot Q_1 \cdot Q_2}{d} \] where \( k \) is Coulomb's constant (\( k = 9 \times 10^9 \, N \cdot m^2/C^2 \)). Since \( Q_1 = Q_2 = Q \): \[ U = \frac{k \cdot Q^2}{d} \] Substituting the values: \[ U = \frac{9 \times 10^9 \cdot (7.36 \times 10^{-18})^2}{1.2792 \times 10^{-14}} \] Calculating \( (7.36 \times 10^{-18})^2 \): \[ (7.36 \times 10^{-18})^2 \approx 5.41 \times 10^{-35} \] Now substituting: \[ U \approx \frac{9 \times 10^9 \cdot 5.41 \times 10^{-35}}{1.2792 \times 10^{-14}} \approx \frac{4.87 \times 10^{-25}}{1.2792 \times 10^{-14}} \approx 3.81 \times 10^{-11} \, J \] ### Step 5: Convert to Electron Volts To convert joules to electron volts, use the conversion factor \( 1 \, eV = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, J \): \[ U \approx \frac{3.81 \times 10^{-11}}{1.6 \times 10^{-19}} \approx 238.125 \, MeV \] ### Step 6: Calculate \( \frac{x}{180} \) Now we need to find \( \frac{x}{180} \): \[ \frac{x}{180} = \frac{238.125}{180} \approx 1.322 \] ### Final Answer Thus, the value of \( \frac{x}{180} \) is approximately: \[ \boxed{1.322} \]
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