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On the P-T graph of an ideal gas, choose...

On the `P-T` graph of an ideal gas, choose the correct option(s):

A

Adiabatic process will be a straight line.

B

Isochoric process will be straight line passing through the origin.

C

adiabatic curve will have a positive slope.

D

the slope of adiabatic curve is proportional T.

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the question regarding the `P-T` graph of an ideal gas, we will analyze the different processes (adiabatic and isochoric) and their characteristics on the graph. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Adiabatic Process:** - The adiabatic process for an ideal gas is described by the equation \( PV^{\gamma} = \text{constant} \), where \( \gamma \) is the adiabatic exponent. - From the ideal gas law, we know \( PV = nRT \). We can express pressure \( P \) in terms of temperature \( T \) and volume \( V \): \[ P = \frac{nRT}{V} \] - Substituting this into the adiabatic equation gives: \[ \left(\frac{nRT}{V}\right)V^{\gamma} = \text{constant} \] - Rearranging, we find: \[ P \propto T^{\frac{1}{\gamma - 1}} \] - This indicates that the relationship between \( P \) and \( T \) is not linear, hence the adiabatic process will not be a straight line on the `P-T` graph. 2. **Analyzing the Isochoric Process:** - In an isochoric process, the volume \( V \) is constant. Thus, the relationship simplifies to: \[ P \propto T \] - This means that for a constant volume, pressure is directly proportional to temperature, which results in a straight line on the `P-T` graph. 3. **Slope of the Adiabatic Curve:** - The slope of the adiabatic curve can be derived from the relationship established earlier. By differentiating the logarithmic form of the relationship, we find: \[ \frac{dP}{dT} = \frac{\gamma P}{T(\gamma - 1)} \] - This shows that the slope depends on both pressure \( P \) and temperature \( T \), and is positive as both \( P \) and \( T \) are positive in the context of ideal gases. 4. **Conclusion:** - The adiabatic process does not represent a straight line on the `P-T` graph. - The isochoric process does represent a straight line on the `P-T` graph. - The slope of the adiabatic curve is not directly proportional to temperature but rather depends on both pressure and temperature. ### Final Answer: - The correct options are: - **B**: Isochoric process will be a straight line. - **C**: The slope of the adiabatic curve is positive.

To solve the question regarding the `P-T` graph of an ideal gas, we will analyze the different processes (adiabatic and isochoric) and their characteristics on the graph. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Adiabatic Process:** - The adiabatic process for an ideal gas is described by the equation \( PV^{\gamma} = \text{constant} \), where \( \gamma \) is the adiabatic exponent. - From the ideal gas law, we know \( PV = nRT \). We can express pressure \( P \) in terms of temperature \( T \) and volume \( V \): \[ ...
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