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Mark out the incorrect order of nucleoph...

Mark out the incorrect order of nucleophilicity for given nucleophile:

A

`CH_(3)^(ɵ)gtOH^(ɵ)gtNH_(2)^(ɵ)gtF^(ɵ)gtI^(ɵ)` (in DMF)

B

`I^(ɵ)gtBr^(ɵ)gtCl^(ɵ)gtF^(ɵ)` ( in `H_(2)O`)

C

`I^(ɵ)gtF^(ɵ)gtOH^(ɵ)gtNH_(2)^(ɵ)gtCH_(3)^(ɵ)` ( in DMSO)

D

`CH_(3)^(ɵ)gtNH_(2)^(ɵ)gtOH^(ɵ)gtF^(ɵ)` (in `H_(2)O)`

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine the incorrect order of nucleophilicity for the given nucleophiles, we will analyze the factors affecting nucleophilicity and compare the nucleophiles based on their characteristics. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understand Nucleophilicity**: - Nucleophilicity refers to the ability of a species to donate an electron pair to an electrophile. It is influenced by factors such as charge, electronegativity, and solvent effects. 2. **Identify the Nucleophiles**: - The nucleophiles mentioned are F⁻, I⁻, CH₃⁻, NH₂⁻, and OH⁻. 3. **Analyze Nucleophilicity in Different Solvents**: - **Polar Protic Solvents (e.g., H₂O)**: - In polar protic solvents, larger ions (like I⁻) are better nucleophiles because they are less solvated compared to smaller ions (like F⁻). Thus, the order in polar protic solvents is: - I⁻ > F⁻ - **Polar Aprotic Solvents (e.g., DMSO)**: - In polar aprotic solvents, smaller ions (like F⁻) are better nucleophiles because they are not solvated as effectively. Thus, the order in polar aprotic solvents is: - F⁻ > I⁻ 4. **Compare Nucleophilicity of Other Nucleophiles**: - **CH₃⁻, NH₂⁻, and OH⁻**: - CH₃⁻ has a negative charge on carbon, which is electropositive and unstable, making it a strong nucleophile. - NH₂⁻ is also a strong nucleophile, but less so than CH₃⁻. - OH⁻ is less nucleophilic than both CH₃⁻ and NH₂⁻ because oxygen is more electronegative and holds onto its electrons more tightly. 5. **Determine the Correct Order**: - The expected order of nucleophilicity based on the analysis is: - CH₃⁻ > NH₂⁻ > OH⁻ - In polar protic solvents: I⁻ > F⁻ - In polar aprotic solvents: F⁻ > I⁻ 6. **Identify Incorrect Statements**: - If the options provided include: - 1. CH₃⁻ > OH⁻ > NH₂⁻ (Incorrect) - 2. I⁻ > F⁻ in polar protic (Correct) - 3. NH₂⁻ > OH⁻ (Correct) - 4. CH₃⁻ > NH₂⁻ > OH⁻ (Correct) - The incorrect order is option 1. ### Conclusion: The incorrect order of nucleophilicity is found in option 1.

To determine the incorrect order of nucleophilicity for the given nucleophiles, we will analyze the factors affecting nucleophilicity and compare the nucleophiles based on their characteristics. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understand Nucleophilicity**: - Nucleophilicity refers to the ability of a species to donate an electron pair to an electrophile. It is influenced by factors such as charge, electronegativity, and solvent effects. 2. **Identify the Nucleophiles**: ...
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