A research scholar get a mixture of three product during an experiment with ammonia. In product I only one H of ammonia is replaced by ethyl group and in II two H atoms of ammonia are replaced by ethyl groups and in III all the H- atoms are replaced by ethyl groups. Which test he should use to distinguish or separate the products `:`

Options

A. `98.9%`
B. `60.9%`
C. `32.9%`
D. `1.4%`

Explanation

To distinguish and separate the three products obtained from the reaction of ammonia with ethyl groups, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Products**:
- Product I: One hydrogen atom of ammonia (NH3) is replaced by an ethyl group (C2H5), resulting in a primary amine (C2H5NH2).
- Product II: Two hydrogen atoms of ammonia are replaced by ethyl groups, resulting in a secondary amine (C2H5)2NH.
- Product III: All three hydrogen atoms of ammonia are replaced by ethyl groups, resulting in a tertiary amine (C2H5)3N.

2. **Choose a Suitable Reagent**:
- To distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, we can use Hinsberg's reagent, which is benzene sulfonyl chloride (C6H5SO2Cl).

3. **Reactions with Hinsberg's Reagent**:
- **Primary Amine Reaction**:
- The primary amine (C2H5NH2) will react with benzene sulfonyl chloride to form ethyl benzene sulfonamide (C2H5NHSO2C6H5) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). This product is soluble in alkali.
- **Secondary Amine Reaction**:
- The secondary amine ((C2H5)2NH) will react with benzene sulfonyl chloride to form N,N-diethyl benzene sulfonamide (C2H5)2NHSO2C6H5 and HCl. This product is not soluble in alkali.
- **Tertiary Amine Reaction**:
- The tertiary amine ((C2H5)3N) will not react with benzene sulfonyl chloride because it lacks a hydrogen atom to react with. Therefore, there will be no product formed.

4. **Testing for Solubility**:
- After the reactions, we can test the solubility of the products in alkali:
- The product from the primary amine will be soluble in alkali.
- The product from the secondary amine will be insoluble in alkali.
- The tertiary amine will show no reaction and thus will not form a product.

5. **Conclusion**:
- By using Hinsberg's reagent and testing for solubility in alkali, the research scholar can successfully distinguish between the primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.