Dissolution of a non-volatile solute into a liquid leads to the-

Options

A. decrease of entropy
B. increase in tendency of the liquid to freeze
C. increases in tendency to pass into the vapour phase
D. decrease in tendency of the liquid to freeze

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the dissolution of a non-volatile solute into a liquid, we will analyze the effects of this process step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Concept of Non-volatile Solute**:
- A non-volatile solute is a substance that does not vaporize easily and has a negligible vapor pressure compared to the solvent. When it is dissolved in a liquid, it affects the physical properties of the solvent.

**Hint**: Remember that non-volatile solutes do not contribute to the vapor pressure of the solution.

2. **Effect on Entropy**:
- When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a solvent, the randomness or disorder of the system increases. This is because the solute particles disrupt the orderly arrangement of solvent molecules, leading to an increase in entropy (ΔS > 0).

**Hint**: Think about how mixing substances generally increases disorder in a system.

3. **Freezing Point Depression**:
- The addition of a non-volatile solute lowers the freezing point of the solvent. This phenomenon is known as freezing point depression. The presence of solute particles interferes with the formation of the solid phase (ice), thus requiring a lower temperature to freeze.

**Hint**: Recall that adding solute to a solvent typically lowers the temperature at which the solvent freezes.

4. **Vapor Pressure and Boiling Point Elevation**:
- The presence of a non-volatile solute decreases the vapor pressure of the solvent. Consequently, this results in an elevation of the boiling point of the solution. This is known as boiling point elevation. The solution must be heated to a higher temperature to reach the vapor pressure necessary for boiling.

**Hint**: Consider how solute particles affect the ability of solvent molecules to escape into the vapor phase.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the above analysis, we can conclude that the dissolution of a non-volatile solute into a liquid leads to:
- An increase in entropy (ΔS > 0).
- A decrease in the tendency of the liquid to freeze (freezing point depression).
- An increase in the boiling point (boiling point elevation).

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that it **increases the tendency of the liquid to freeze** (which is actually a decrease in the freezing point).

### Final Answer:
The dissolution of a non-volatile solute into a liquid leads to a **decrease in the tendency of the liquid to freeze**.