Statement-1:Ortho iodobenzoic acid is strongest acid among all ortho halobenzoic acids.
Statement-2: Iodine exerts maximum ortho effect (steric effect ) so the acid weakening resonance effect of aromatic ring is decreased.

Options

A. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
B. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
C. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False.
D. Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.

Explanation

To analyze the statements provided in the question, we will break down the reasoning step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding Ortho Iodobenzoic Acid
Ortho-iodobenzoic acid is a derivative of benzoic acid where an iodine atom is substituted at the ortho position relative to the carboxylic acid group (-COOH).

### Step 2: Comparing Acidity of Ortho Halobenzoic Acids
The acidity of benzoic acid derivatives can be influenced by the substituents present on the aromatic ring. In this case, we are comparing ortho halobenzoic acids, which include ortho-fluorobenzoic acid, ortho-chlorobenzoic acid, ortho-bromobenzoic acid, and ortho-iodobenzoic acid.

### Step 3: Analyzing the Effect of Iodine
Iodine is a larger atom compared to fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. The size of iodine leads to a significant steric effect when it is positioned ortho to the carboxylic acid group. This steric hindrance can affect the resonance stabilization of the carboxylate ion (the conjugate base formed after deprotonation of the acid).

### Step 4: Resonance and Steric Effects
In ortho-iodobenzoic acid, the resonance effect is weakened due to the presence of iodine. While iodine is a weak electron-withdrawing group, its size causes the carboxylic acid group to be less hindered by the aromatic ring's resonance. This allows the carboxylate ion to stabilize better after losing a proton (H⁺), thus increasing the acidity of the acid.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- **Statement 1** is true: Ortho-iodobenzoic acid is indeed the strongest acid among the ortho halobenzoic acids.
- **Statement 2** is also true: Iodine exerts a significant ortho effect, which decreases the resonance effect of the aromatic ring, allowing for better stabilization of the conjugate base.

Thus, both statements are correct, and Statement 2 provides a valid explanation for Statement 1.

### Final Answer
- **Statement 1**: True
- **Statement 2**: True
- **Conclusion**: Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1.

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