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How many molar equivalent of R-MgX is re...

How many molar equivalent of R-MgX is required for reaction with formic anhydride completely ?

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To determine how many molar equivalents of R-MgX are required to completely react with formic anhydride, we can follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the structure of formic anhydride Formic anhydride can be represented as: \[ \text{HCO-O-COH} \] This structure contains two carbonyl groups (C=O) that can react with Grignard reagents. ### Step 2: Identify the reaction of Grignard reagent with carbonyl groups Grignard reagents (R-MgX) are nucleophiles and will attack the electrophilic carbon of the carbonyl groups. Each carbonyl group will react with one equivalent of the Grignard reagent. ### Step 3: Determine the number of carbonyl groups in formic anhydride In formic anhydride, there are two carbonyl groups. Therefore, each carbonyl group will require one equivalent of R-MgX. ### Step 4: Consider the reaction mechanism 1. The first equivalent of R-MgX will react with the first carbonyl group, leading to the formation of an intermediate. 2. The second equivalent of R-MgX will then react with the second carbonyl group of the intermediate formed from the first reaction. ### Step 5: Total molar equivalents required Since there are two carbonyl groups and each requires one equivalent of R-MgX, we will need: - 1 equivalent for the first carbonyl - 1 equivalent for the second carbonyl However, we also need to consider that the reaction may lead to the formation of a product that still has a carbonyl group, which will require an additional equivalent of R-MgX to fully react. Therefore, we need to account for this additional equivalent. ### Conclusion In total, we will require: - 2 equivalents for the two carbonyl groups - 1 additional equivalent for the product formed Thus, the total number of molar equivalents of R-MgX required to completely react with formic anhydride is: \[ \text{Total equivalents} = 2 + 1 = 3 \] ### Final Answer **3 molar equivalents of R-MgX are required to completely react with formic anhydride.** ---

To determine how many molar equivalents of R-MgX are required to completely react with formic anhydride, we can follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the structure of formic anhydride Formic anhydride can be represented as: \[ \text{HCO-O-COH} \] This structure contains two carbonyl groups (C=O) that can react with Grignard reagents. ### Step 2: Identify the reaction of Grignard reagent with carbonyl groups ...
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