Element with `Z = 83` belongs to which block?

Options

A. `s`
B. `p`
C. `d`
D. `f`

Answer

To determine which block the element with atomic number \( Z = 83 \) belongs to, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Element
The element with atomic number \( Z = 83 \) is Bismuth (Bi).

### Step 2: Write the Electron Configuration
To find the block, we need to write the electron configuration of Bismuth. The order of filling the atomic orbitals is as follows:
1. 1s
2. 2s
3. 2p
4. 3s
5. 3p
6. 4s
7. 3d
8. 4p
9. 5s
10. 4d
11. 5p
12. 6s
13. 4f
14. 5d
15. 6p
16. 7s
17. 5f
18. 6d
19. 7p

Using this order, we can write the electron configuration for Bismuth:
- \( 1s^2 \)
- \( 2s^2 \)
- \( 2p^6 \)
- \( 3s^2 \)
- \( 3p^6 \)
- \( 4s^2 \)
- \( 3d^{10} \)
- \( 4p^6 \)
- \( 5s^2 \)
- \( 4d^{10} \)
- \( 5p^6 \)
- \( 6s^2 \)
- \( 4f^{14} \)
- \( 5d^{10} \)
- \( 6p^3 \)

Putting it all together, the complete electron configuration for Bismuth is:
\[ 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^{10} 5p^6 6s^2 4f^{14} 5d^{10} 6p^3 \]

### Step 3: Determine the Block
In the electron configuration, the last electron enters the \( 6p \) subshell. Elements in which the last electron occupies the \( p \) subshell belong to the **p-block** of the periodic table.

### Final Answer
Thus, the element with atomic number \( Z = 83 \) (Bismuth) belongs to the **p-block**.

---