Which of the following would produce effervescence with sodium bicarbonate ?

Options

A.
B.
C.
D. All of these

Answer

To determine which of the given compounds would produce effervescence with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), we need to identify if each compound can react with sodium bicarbonate to release carbon dioxide (CO₂). The presence of CO₂ is what causes effervescence.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Compounds**: The compounds given are:
- Benzene sulfonic acid
- Benzoic acid
- Picric acid
- All of these

2. **Understand the Reaction with Sodium Bicarbonate**: Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base and reacts with acids to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt. The general reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{Acid} + \text{NaHCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Salt} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2(g) \]

3. **Check Benzene Sulfonic Acid**:
- Benzene sulfonic acid (C₆H₅SO₃H) can react with sodium bicarbonate:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{SO}_3\text{H} + \text{NaHCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{SO}_3\text{Na} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2(g) \]
- **Conclusion**: This reaction produces CO₂, thus it will produce effervescence.

4. **Check Benzoic Acid**:
- Benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH) also reacts with sodium bicarbonate:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COOH} + \text{NaHCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COONa} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2(g) \]
- **Conclusion**: This reaction also produces CO₂, leading to effervescence.

5. **Check Picric Acid**:
- Picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) can react with sodium bicarbonate:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_3(\text{NO}_2)_3\text{OH} + \text{NaHCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Salt} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2(g) \]
- **Conclusion**: This reaction also produces CO₂, resulting in effervescence.

6. **Final Conclusion**:
- Since all three acids (benzene sulfonic acid, benzoic acid, and picric acid) react with sodium bicarbonate to produce CO₂, they all will produce effervescence.
- Therefore, the correct answer is **D) All of these**.