o,p-directing group are mostly :

Options

A. Activation group
B. Deactivating groups
C. Neutral groups
D. None of these

Answer

To answer the question about ortho-para directing groups, we will analyze the options provided and determine the characteristics of these groups in the context of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Ortho-Para Directing Groups**:
- Ortho-para directing groups are substituents on a benzene ring that direct incoming electrophiles to the ortho and para positions relative to themselves during electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

2. **Types of Groups**:
- There are two main categories of substituents on benzene rings: activating groups and deactivating groups.
- Activating groups increase the rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution, while deactivating groups decrease the rate.

3. **Characteristics of Activating Groups**:
- Activating groups are typically electron-donating groups (EDGs). They can donate electron density to the benzene ring, making it more nucleophilic and more reactive towards electrophiles.
- Common examples of activating groups include -OH (hydroxyl), -OCH₃ (methoxy), -NH₂ (amino), and alkyl groups.

4. **Characteristics of Deactivating Groups**:
- Deactivating groups are usually electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs). They pull electron density away from the benzene ring, making it less nucleophilic and less reactive towards electrophiles.
- Examples of deactivating groups include -NO₂ (nitro), -CN (cyano), and -COOH (carboxylic acid).

5. **Conclusion**:
- Since ortho-para directing groups are primarily activating groups, the correct answer to the question is that ortho-para directing groups are mostly **activating groups**.

### Final Answer:
**Activating Group**