When benzoic acid is treated with `LiAlH_(4)`, it forms

Options

A. Banzaldehyde
B. Banzyl alcohol
C. Benzene
D. Toluene

Answer

To solve the question of what product is formed when benzoic acid is treated with lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
- The reactant in this case is benzoic acid, which has the chemical structure C6H5COOH. It consists of a benzene ring (C6H5) attached to a carboxylic acid group (COOH).

### Step 2: Understand the Role of Lithium Aluminum Hydride
- Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) is a strong reducing agent. It is commonly used to reduce various functional groups, particularly carboxylic acids, to their corresponding alcohols.

### Step 3: Determine the Reduction Reaction
- When benzoic acid is treated with LiAlH4, the carboxylic acid group (COOH) undergoes reduction. The carbonyl carbon (C=O) in the carboxylic acid is reduced to a primary alcohol (–CH2OH).

### Step 4: Write the Reaction
- The reaction can be represented as follows:
\[ \text{C6H5COOH} + \text{LiAlH4} \rightarrow \text{C6H5CH2OH} + \text{by-products} \]
- The product formed is benzyl alcohol (C6H5CH2OH).

### Step 5: Conclusion
- Therefore, the product formed when benzoic acid is treated with lithium aluminum hydride is benzyl alcohol.

### Final Answer
- The correct answer is benzyl alcohol.

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