Lucas reagent is `,`

Options

A. anhydrous `CaCl_(2)` and conc. HCl
B. anhydrous `ZnCl_(2)` and conc. HCl
C. anhydrous `AlCl_(3)` and conc. HCl
D. anhydrous `PdCl_(2)` and conc. HCl

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question:**
The question asks about Lucas reagent, which is used in organic chemistry to classify alcohols.

2. **Identifying the Components of Lucas Reagent:**
Lucas reagent is a combination of anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl).

3. **Analyzing the Options:**
The options provided are:
- Anhydrous calcium chloride and concentrated HCl
- Anhydrous zinc chloride and concentrated HCl
- Anhydrous aluminum chloride and concentrated HCl
- Anhydrous palladium chloride and concentrated HCl

4. **Selecting the Correct Option:**
Among the options, the second one, "anhydrous zinc chloride and concentrated HCl," matches the definition of Lucas reagent.

5. **Understanding the Function of Lucas Reagent:**
Lucas reagent is used to classify alcohols based on their reactivity. It works through a substitution reaction where the hydroxyl group (OH) of an alcohol is replaced by a chloride ion (Cl-) from zinc chloride.

6. **Conclusion:**
The correct answer to the question is that Lucas reagent is "anhydrous zinc chloride and concentrated HCl."

**Final Answer:**
Lucas reagent is anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl).

---