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If a cation leaves a site in solid latti...

If a cation leaves a site in solid lattice, and is located at an interstitial position. The lattice defect is

A

Interstitial defect

B

Valency defect

C

Frenkel defect

D

Schottky defect

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The correct Answer is:
C
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In a solid lattice the cation has left a lattice sirte and is located at an interstital position , the lattice defect is

When an atom or an ion is missing from its nomal lattice site a lattice vacanecy (Schottky defect) is created. In stoichmeteric ionic crystals, a vacancy of one ion has to be accompanied by the vacancy of the oppositely charge ion in order to maintain electrical neutrality. In a Frenkel defect an ion leaves its position in the lattice and occupies an interstitial void. This id the Frenkel defect commonly found along with the Schottky defects and interstitial. In pure alkali halides. Frenked defects are not found since the ions cannot get into the interstitial sites. Frenkel defects are found in silver halides because of the small size of the Ag^(+) ion. Unike Schottky defects, Frenkel defect do not change the density of the solids. in certain ionic solids (e.g., AgBr) both schottky and Frenkel defect occur. The Defects idiscussed above do not disturb the stoichiometery of the crystalline material. there is large variety of non-stoichiometric inorganic solids which contains an excess or deficienty of one of the elements. Such solids showing deviations from the ideal stoichiometric composition from an important group of solids. For example in the vanadium oxide, VO_(x),x can be anywehere between 0.6 and 1.3 there are solids such as difficult to prepare in the soichiometric omposition thus, the ideal composition in compounds such as FeO is difficult to obtain (normally we get a compositiion of Fe(0.95) O but it may range from Fe_(0.93) O to Fe_(0.96)O ). Non-stoichiometric behavious is most commonly found for transition metal compounds through is also known for some lathanoids and actinoids. Zinc oxide loses oxygen reversible at high temperature and turns yellow in colour. the excess metal is accomodated interstitial, giving rise to electrons trapped in the neighbourhood, the enchanced electrical conductivity of the non-stoichiometric ZnO arises from these electrons. Anion vacancies in alkali halides are produced by heating the alkali halid crystals in an atmosphere of the alkali metal vapour. when the metal atoms deposit on the surface they diffuse into the cystal and after ionisation the alkali metal ion occupies cationic vacancy whereas electron occupies anionic vacancy. Electrons trapped i anion vacancies are referred to as F-centers (From Farbe the German word for colouf) that gives rise to interesting colour in alkali halides. Thus, the excess of potassium i KCl makes the crystal appear violet and the excess of lithium in LiCl makes it pink. Which of the following is most appropritate crystal to show Fremkel defect ?

When an atom or an ion is missing from its normal lattice site, a lattice vacancy (Schottky defect) is created. In stoichimetric ionic crystals, a vacancy of one ion has to be accompanied by the vacancy of the oppositely charged ion in order to maintain electrical neutrality. In a Frenkel defect an ion leaves its position in the lattice and occupies an interstitial void. This is the Frenkel defect commonly found along with the Schottky defects and interstitials. In pure alkali halides, Frenkel defects are not found since the ions cannot get into the interstitial sites. Frenkel defects are found in silver halides because of the small size of the Ag^(+) ion. Unlike Schottky defects, Frenkel defects do not change the denstiy of the solids. In certain ionic solids (e.q. AgBr) both Schottky and Frenkel defects occur. The defects discussed above do not disturb the stoichiometry of the crystalline material. There is large variety of non-stoichiomertic inorganic solids which contain an excess or deficiency of one of the elements. Such solids showing deviations from the ideal stoichiometric composition from an inmportant group of solids. For example in the vanadium oxide, VO_(x) , x can be anywhere between 0.6 and 1.3. There are solids which are difficult to prepare in the stoichiometric composition. Thus, the ideal composition in compounds such as FeO is difficult to obtain (normally we get a composition of Fe_(0.95)O but it may range from Fe_(0.93)O " to " Fe_(0.96)O ). Non-stoichiometric behaviour is most commonly found for transition metal compounds though is also known for some lanthanoids and actinoids. Zinc oxide loses oxygen reversibly at high temperature and turns yellow in colour. The excess metal is accommodated interstitially, giving rise to electrons trapped in the neighbourhood. The enhanced electrical conductivity of the non-stoichiometric ZnO arises from these electrons.ltrbgt Anion vacancies in alkali halides are produced by heating the alkali halide crystals in an atmosphere of the alkali metal vapur. When the metal atoms deposit on the surface they diffuse into the crystal and after ionisation the alkali metal ion occupies cationic vacancy whereas electron occupies anionic vacancy. Electrons trapped in anion vacancies are referred to as F-centers (from Farbe the German word for colour) that given rise to interesting colour in alkali halides. Thus, the excess of potassium in KCl makes the crytal appear violet and the excess of lithium in LiCl makes it pink. When LiCl is heated into the vapour of lithium, the crystal acquires pink colour. This is due to

When an atom or an ion is missing from its normal lattice site, a lattice vacancy (Schottky defect) is created. In stoichimetric ionic crystals, a vacancy of one ion has to be accompanied by the vacancy of the oppositely charged ion in order to maintain electrical neutrality. In a Frenkel defect an ion leaves its position in the lattice and occupies an interstitial void. This is the Frenkel defect commonly found along with the Schottky defects and interstitials. In pure alkali halides, Frenkel defects are not found since the ions cannot get into the interstitial sites. Frenkel defects are found in silver halides because of the small size of the Ag^(+) ion. Unlike Schottky defects, Frenkel defects do not change the denstiy of the solids. In certain ionic solids (e.q. AgBr) both Schottky and Frenkel defects occur. The defects discussed above do not disturb the stoichiometry of the crystalline material. There is large variety of non-stoichiomertic inorganic solids which contain an excess or deficiency of one of the elements. Such solids showing deviations from the ideal stoichiometric composition from an inmportant group of solids. For example in the vanadium oxide, VO_(x) , x can be anywhere between 0.6 and 1.3. There are solids which are difficult to prepare in the stoichiometric composition. Thus, the ideal composition in compounds such as FeO is difficult to obtain (normally we get a composition of Fe_(0.95)O but it may range from Fe_(0.93)O " to " Fe_(0.96)O ). Non-stoichiometric behaviour is most commonly found for transition metal compounds though is also known for some lanthanoids and actinoids. Zinc oxide loses oxygen reversibly at high temperature and turns yellow in colour. The excess metal is accommodated interstitially, giving rise to electrons trapped in the neighbourhood. The enhanced electrical conductivity of the non-stoichiometric ZnO arises from these electrons.ltrbgt Anion vacancies in alkali halides are produced by heating the alkali halide crystals in an atmosphere of the alkali metal vapur. When the metal atoms deposit on the surface they diffuse into the crystal and after ionisation the alkali metal ion occupies cationic vacancy whereas electron occupies anionic vacancy. Electrons trapped in anion vacancies are referred to as F-centers (from Farbe the German word for colour) that given rise to interesting colour in alkali halides. Thus, the excess of potassium in KCl makes the crytal appear violet and the excess of lithium in LiCl makes it pink. Stongly heated ZnO crystal can conduct electricity. This is due to

When an atom or an ion is missing from its normal lattice site, a lattice vacancy (Schottky detect) is created In stoichiometric ionic crystals, a vacancy of one ion has to be accompanied by the vacancy of the oppositely charged ion in order to maintain electrical neutrality. In a Frenkel defect an ion leaves its position in the lattice and occupies an interstitial void.This is the Frenkel defect commonly found along with the Schottky defects and interstitials.In pure alkali halides, Frendel defect are not found since the ions cannot get into the intenstitial sites.Frenkel defects are found in silver halides because of the small size of the Ag^+ ion.Unlike Schottky defects. Frenkel defects do not change the density of the solids.In certain ionic solids (e.g. AgBr) both Schottky and Frenkel defects occur. The defects discussed above do not disturb the stoichiometry of the crystalline meterial.There is large Such solids showing deviations from the ideal stoichiometric composition form an important group of solids For example in the vanadium oxide, VO_x , x can be anywhere between 0.6 and 1.3.There are solids which are difficult to prepare in the stoichiometric composition.Thus, the ideal composition in compounds such as FeO is difficult to obtain (normally we get a composition of Fe_(0.85) O but it may range from Fe_(0.93) O to Fe_(0.96)O ).Non-stoichiometric behaviour is most commonly found for transition metal compounds through is also known for some lanthanoids and actinodes. Zinc oxide loses oxygen reversibly at high temperature and turns yellow in colour.The excess metal is accomdated interstitially, giving rise to electrons trapped in the neighbourhood.the enhanced electrical conductivity of the non-stoichiometric ZnO arises from these electrons . Anion vacancies in alkali halides are produced by heating the alkali halide crystals in an atmosphere of the alkali metal vapour.When the metal atoms deposite on the surface they diffuse into the crystal and after ionisation the alkali metal ion occupies cationic vacancy whereas electron occupies anionic vacancy.Electrons trapped in anion vacancies are referred to as F-centres (from Farbe the German word for colour) that gives rise to interesting colour in alkali halides.Thus, the excess of potassium in KCl makes the crystal appear violet and the excess of lithium in LiCl makes it pink. In the crystal of Fe_(0.93)O , the percentage of Fe (II) will be

In a solid lattice the cation and anion both have left a lattive site. The lattice defect is known as

Ionic lattic has two major points defects ,(1) Schottky (2) Frenkel defects . Schottkly defects occurs due to the cations - anion pair's missing from the lattice sites . Frenkel defects occurs when cation leaves its lattice site and fits into an interstitial space. The neutrality of the crystal is being maintained and we considered all losses from interstitial positions. which defect decrease density of the crystal ?

When anion leaves the normal lattice site and electron occupies interstitial sites in its crystal lattice, It is called:

In AgCl , the Ag^(o+) ions are deisplaced from their lattice position to an interstitial position. Such a defect is called

Any deviation from the perfectly ordered arrangement constitutes a defect or imperfection. The compounds in which the number of irregularity are present in the arrangement of atoms or ions are called atomic imperfections or point defects. These may be stochiometric or non - stoichlometric. Stoichiometric defects are further classified into Schottky defects in which number of positive and negative ions are missing in equal ratio and Frenkel defects in which an ion leaves its correct lattice sites and occupies on interstitial site. Schottky defect is more common in ionic compounds with high co-ordination number and where the size of positive and negative ions are almost equal, while in Frenkel defects are common in ionic compounds, which have low co-ordination number and in which there is large difference in size between positive and negative ions. In a crystal some ions are missing from normal sites. This is an example of

RESONANCE ENGLISH-SOLID STATE-Part-II : Only one option correct type
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  14. The spinel structure AB(2)O(4) consists of an fcc array of O^(2-) ions...

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  18. Which of the following statements are correct in context of point defe...

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