`CH_(3)-overset(O)overset(||)(C)-CH_(2)- overset(CH_(3))overset(|)underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(C)-CHO overset(KOH,H_(2)O)underset(Delta)to` product `(C_(7)H_(10)O)` :

Options

A.
B.
C.
D.

Answer

To solve the given problem, we will follow the steps of the aldol condensation reaction. The starting compound is a carbonyl compound with the formula \( C_7H_{10}O \), and we will react it with KOH and water, followed by heating.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Starting Compound:**
The starting compound is:
\[ CH_3C(=O)CH_2C(CH_3)(CH_3)CHO \]
This compound has a ketone and an aldehyde functional group.

2. **Deprotonation by KOH:**
When we add KOH, it acts as a base and abstracts a hydrogen atom from the \( CH_2 \) group adjacent to the carbonyl (ketone) group. This results in the formation of an enolate ion:
\[ CH_3C(=O)CH_2^-C(CH_3)(CH_3)CHO \]

3. **Nucleophilic Attack:**
The enolate ion then attacks the carbonyl carbon of the aldehyde group. This forms a β-hydroxy ketone (aldol):
\[ CH_3C(=O)CH(OH)C(CH_3)(CH_3)CHO \]

4. **Formation of the Aldol Product:**
The aldol product can be represented as:
\[ CH_3C(=O)CH(OH)C(CH_3)(CH_3)CH_2CHO \]

5. **Dehydration (Heating):**
Upon heating, the aldol product undergoes dehydration (loss of water). The hydroxyl group from the β-hydroxy ketone and a hydrogen atom from the adjacent carbon are eliminated to form a double bond:
\[ CH_3C(=O)CH=C(CH_3)(CH_3)C \]

6. **Final Product:**
The final product after dehydration is:
\[ CH_3C(=O)CH=C(CH_3)(CH_3)C \]
This compound has the formula \( C_7H_{10}O \).

### Summary of the Reaction:
The overall reaction can be summarized as:
\[ CH_3C(=O)CH_2C(CH_3)(CH_3)CHO \xrightarrow{KOH, H_2O, \Delta} C_7H_{10}O \]