Any random fluctuation in allele frequency, occurring in the natural population by pure chance is called __________.

Options

A. gene pool
B. gene mutation
C. genetic recombination
D. genetic drift

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Concept**: The question asks for a term that describes random fluctuations in allele frequencies in a natural population due to chance. This concept is fundamental in population genetics and evolutionary biology.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**: The key terms in the question are "random fluctuation," "allele frequency," and "natural population." These terms are often associated with processes that can lead to changes in genetic diversity within a population.

3. **Exploring Possible Answers**:
- **Gene Pool**: This term refers to the complete set of genetic information within a population, not specifically about fluctuations.
- **Gene Mutation**: This refers to changes in the DNA sequence, which can affect allele frequencies but is not random fluctuation by chance.
- **Gene Recombination**: This involves the mixing of genetic material but does not specifically refer to random fluctuations in allele frequencies.
- **Genetic Drift**: This is a process that describes random changes in allele frequencies from one generation to the next due to chance events, especially in small populations.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the definitions and explanations of the terms, the correct answer to the question is "genetic drift."

**Final Answer**: Genetic drift.

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