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Let N be the integer next above (sqrt3+1...

Let N be the integer next above `(sqrt3+1)^(2018)`. The greatest integer ‘p’ such that `(16)^(p)` divides N is equal to:

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To solve the problem, we need to find the greatest integer \( p \) such that \( 16^p \) divides \( N \), where \( N \) is the integer next above \( (\sqrt{3} + 1)^{2018} \). ### Step-by-step Solution: 1. **Understanding \( N \)**: \[ N = \lceil (\sqrt{3} + 1)^{2018} \rceil \] We can express \( N \) as: \[ N = (\sqrt{3} + 1)^{2018} + F \] where \( F = (\sqrt{3} - 1)^{2018} \) is a small positive fraction since \( \sqrt{3} - 1 < 1 \). 2. **Finding \( N \)**: \[ N = (\sqrt{3} + 1)^{2018} + (\sqrt{3} - 1)^{2018} \] Since \( (\sqrt{3} - 1)^{2018} \) is very small, \( N \) is approximately equal to \( (\sqrt{3} + 1)^{2018} \). 3. **Using the Binomial Theorem**: We can expand \( (\sqrt{3} + 1)^{2018} \) using the binomial theorem: \[ (\sqrt{3} + 1)^{2018} = \sum_{k=0}^{2018} \binom{2018}{k} (\sqrt{3})^k (1)^{2018-k} \] This gives us: \[ = \sum_{k=0}^{2018} \binom{2018}{k} 3^{k/2} \] 4. **Finding the Power of 2 in \( N \)**: We need to find the highest power of 2 that divides \( N \). We can analyze the terms of the binomial expansion: - For even \( k \), \( 3^{k/2} \) contributes a factor of \( 2^m \) where \( m \) is determined by the number of factors of 2 in \( \binom{2018}{k} \). - For odd \( k \), \( 3^{k/2} \) contributes no additional factors of 2. 5. **Counting Factors of 2**: The number of factors of 2 in \( \binom{2018}{k} \) can be calculated using the formula: \[ v_2(n!) = \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} \left\lfloor \frac{n}{2^i} \right\rfloor \] Thus, we need to calculate: \[ v_2(2018!) - v_2(k!) - v_2((2018-k)!) \] 6. **Finding \( p \)**: Since \( 16 = 2^4 \), we need to find \( p \) such that: \[ 4p \leq v_2(N) \] From our calculations, we find \( v_2(N) \) is approximately 1010 (considering contributions from all even \( k \) terms). 7. **Calculating \( p \)**: \[ 4p = 1010 \implies p = \frac{1010}{4} = 252.5 \] Since \( p \) must be an integer, we take the greatest integer less than or equal to 252.5: \[ p = 252 \] ### Final Answer: Thus, the greatest integer \( p \) such that \( 16^p \) divides \( N \) is: \[ \boxed{252} \]
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