Select incorrect statement for liverworts.

Options

A. grow usually in moist, shady habitats
B. leafy members have tiny leaf-like appendages in two rows on the stem-like structures
C. Asexual reproduction in liverworts takes place by fragmentation of thalli, or by the formation of specialized structures called gemmule
D. the plant body of a liverwort is thalloid, e.g., Marchantia

Answer

To solve the question of selecting the incorrect statement for liverworts, we will analyze each statement provided and determine its accuracy.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Liverworts**:
- Liverworts are a type of bryophyte, which also includes mosses. They are known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom because they require water for sexual reproduction.

**Hint**: Remember that liverworts belong to the bryophyte group and are dependent on water for reproduction.

2. **Evaluating the First Statement**:
- The first statement claims that liverworts usually grow in moist and shady habitats.
- This statement is **correct** as liverworts thrive in such environments.

**Hint**: Think about where you typically find liverworts in nature.

3. **Evaluating the Second Statement**:
- The second statement mentions that leafy members of liverworts have tiny leaf-like appendages in two rows on stem-like structures.
- This statement is also **correct** as it accurately describes the morphology of leafy liverworts.

**Hint**: Visualize the structure of leafy liverworts to confirm this statement.

4. **Evaluating the Third Statement**:
- The third statement states that asexual reproduction in liverworts occurs by fragmentation of thalli or by the formation of specialized structures called gametes.
- This statement is **incorrect**. Asexual reproduction in liverworts occurs through fragmentation of thalli or the formation of specialized structures called **gemmae**, not gametes. Gametes are involved in sexual reproduction.

**Hint**: Recall the difference between gemmae (asexual) and gametes (sexual) in liverworts.

5. **Evaluating the Fourth Statement**:
- The fourth statement claims that the plant body of a liverwort is thalloid, with an example being Marchantia.
- This statement is **correct** as liverworts do have a thalloid structure.

**Hint**: Consider the general structure of liverworts to verify this statement.

### Conclusion:
After evaluating all the statements, the incorrect statement regarding liverworts is the third one, which incorrectly refers to the specialized structures involved in asexual reproduction as gametes instead of gemmae.

**Final Answer**: The incorrect statement is the third one.