Which of the following are absent in Gymnosperm ?

Options

A. Xylem vessels
B. Xylem fibres
C. Tracheids and fibres
D. All of these

Answer

To determine which structures are absent in Gymnosperms, we will analyze the options provided in the question step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Gymnosperms**:
- Gymnosperms are a group of plants that produce seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary (naked seeds). They include conifers, cycads, ginkgo, and gnetophytes.

2. **Identifying Xylem Components**:
- Xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It typically consists of tracheids, xylem vessels, and fibers.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1: Xylem Vessels**:
- Gymnosperms do not have xylem vessels. Instead, they primarily have tracheids for water conduction.
- **Option 2: Xylem Fibers**:
- Xylem fibers are present in gymnosperms, so this option is incorrect.
- **Option 3: Tracheids and Fibers**:
- Tracheids are present in gymnosperms, so this option is also incorrect.
- **Option 4: All of these**:
- Since xylem vessels are absent but tracheids and fibers are present, this option is incorrect.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The only structure that is absent in Gymnosperms from the given options is **xylem vessels**. Therefore, the correct answer is **Option 1: Xylem Vessels**.

### Final Answer:
**Xylem vessels are absent in Gymnosperms.**

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