In which of the following is the sporophytic stage dominant ?

Options

A. Angiosperms and algae
B. Gymnosperms and Bryophytes
C. Bryophytes and Pteridophytes
D. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Answer

To determine in which of the following groups the sporophytic stage is dominant, we need to analyze the life cycles of the different plant groups mentioned in the options.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Plant Life Cycles**:
- Plant life cycles consist of two main phases: the **gametophytic phase** and the **sporophytic phase**.
- The **gametophytic phase** is haploid (n), meaning it has one set of chromosomes.
- The **sporophytic phase** is diploid (2n), meaning it has two sets of chromosomes.

2. **Identifying Dominance in Different Plant Groups**:
- **Bryophytes** (e.g., mosses): In these plants, the gametophyte is the dominant stage. The sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte.
- **Pteridophytes** (e.g., ferns): Here, the sporophyte is the dominant stage, but it is still less dominant compared to gymnosperms and angiosperms.
- **Gymnosperms** (e.g., conifers): In gymnosperms, the sporophyte is the dominant stage of the life cycle.
- **Angiosperms** (e.g., flowering plants): Similar to gymnosperms, angiosperms also have a dominant sporophytic stage.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1**: Angiosperms and algae - Angiosperms have a dominant sporophytic stage, but algae typically have a dominant gametophytic phase.
- **Option 2**: Gymnosperms and bryophytes - Gymnosperms have a dominant sporophytic stage, but bryophytes have a dominant gametophytic stage.
- **Option 3**: Bryophytes and pteridophytes - Bryophytes have a dominant gametophytic stage, while pteridophytes have a dominant sporophytic stage.
- **Option 4**: Gymnosperms and angiosperms - Both groups have a dominant sporophytic stage.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer is **Option 4: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms**, as both groups exhibit a dominant sporophytic stage in their life cycles.

### Final Answer:
**The sporophytic stage is dominant in Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.**

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