Which one of the following characters is shown by Marchantia ?
1 Dioecious plant with projected sex organs
2 Monoecious plant with projected sex organs
3 Female sex organ is flask-shaped with single neck canal cell
4 Multicellular rhizoids arise from ventral surface of thallus

Options

A. Dioecious plant with projected sex organs
B. Monoecious plant with projected sex organs
C. Female sex organ is flask-shaped with single neck canal cell
D. Multicellular rhizoids arise from ventral surface of thallus

Answer

To answer the question regarding the characteristics of Marchantia, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Marchantia**:
- Marchantia is a type of liverwort and belongs to the group of bryophytes. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants that do not have true roots, stems, or leaves. Instead, they have structures called rhizoids.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1**: Dioecious plant with projected sex organs.
- Marchantia has distinct male and female plants. The male plants produce antheridia (male sex organs) and the female plants produce archegonia (female sex organs). This means Marchantia is indeed dioecious.

- **Option 2**: Monoecious plant with projected sex organs.
- This option is incorrect because Marchantia does not have both male and female reproductive organs on the same plant; hence it is not monoecious.

- **Option 3**: Female sex organ is flask-shaped with a single neck canal cell.
- The female sex organ (archegonium) in Marchantia is flask-shaped, but it contains multiple neck canal cells, not a single one. Therefore, this statement is also incorrect.

- **Option 4**: Multicellular rhizoids arise from the ventral surface of thallus.
- In Marchantia, the rhizoids are unicellular, not multicellular. Thus, this statement is incorrect as well.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The only correct statement about Marchantia is that it is a dioecious plant with projected sex organs. Therefore, the correct answer is **Option 1**.

### Final Answer:
**Option 1: Dioecious plant with projected sex organs.**

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