Palaeontologists unearthed a human skull during excavation. A small fragment of the scalp tissue was still attached to it . Only little DNA could be extracted from it . If the genes of the ancient man need to be analysed the best way of getting sufficient amount of DNA from this extract is :

Options

A. hybridising the DNA with a DNA probe
B. subjecting the DNA to gel electrophoresis
C. subjecting the DNA to polymerase chain reaction
D. treating the DNA with restriction endonucleases

Answer

To analyze the genes of an ancient man from a small fragment of scalp tissue, the best method to obtain a sufficient amount of DNA is:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Problem**:
- A small fragment of scalp tissue has been found, and only a little DNA can be extracted from it. To analyze the genes, we need to increase the amount of DNA available for study.

2. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option 1: Hybridizing the DNA with a DNA probe**: This method is used for detecting specific sequences of DNA but does not amplify the amount of DNA. Therefore, it is not suitable for obtaining more DNA.
- **Option 2: Subjecting the DNA to gel electrophoresis**: This technique separates DNA fragments based on size but does not increase the quantity of DNA. Hence, it is not the right choice.
- **Option 3: Subjecting the DNA to polymerase chain reaction (PCR)**: PCR is a technique specifically designed to amplify small amounts of DNA. It can produce millions of copies of a specific DNA segment, making it the best option for obtaining sufficient DNA for analysis.
- **Option 4: Treating the DNA with restriction endonucleases**: This involves cutting DNA into smaller pieces, which would reduce the amount of usable DNA rather than increase it.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The most effective method to obtain a sufficient amount of DNA from the small extract is to **subject the DNA to polymerase chain reaction (PCR)**.

### Final Answer:
The best way to get a sufficient amount of DNA from the extract is to **subject the DNA to polymerase chain reaction (PCR)**.