Which step proved to be the main challenging obstacle in the production of human insulin by genetic engineering?

Options

A. Removle of C-peptide from active insulin
B. Getting insulin assembled into a mature form
C. Addition C-peptide to pro-insulin
D. splitting A and B polypeptie chains

Answer

To answer the question regarding the main challenging obstacle in the production of human insulin by genetic engineering, we can break down the process and analyze each step involved. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Production Process**:
- The production of human insulin through genetic engineering involves extracting the human insulin gene from the pancreas and inserting it into plasmid DNA from bacteria to create recombinant DNA.

2. **Identifying Key Steps**:
- The key steps in producing insulin include:
- Extraction of the insulin gene.
- Insertion of the gene into plasmid DNA.
- Transformation of bacteria with recombinant DNA.
- Expression of the insulin protein.
- Maturation of the insulin protein.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A: Removal of C-peptide from active insulin**:
- This step is not the main challenge since it is possible to remove C-peptide from active insulin after it has been produced.

- **Option B: Getting insulin assembled into a mature form**:
- This is identified as the main challenge. During the maturation of pro-insulin to its active form, if C-peptide is present, it complicates the process of obtaining pure insulin.

- **Option C: Addition of C-peptide to pro-insulin**:
- This step is manageable and not a significant obstacle since adding C-peptide can be done easily.

- **Option D: Splitting A and B polypeptide chains**:
- This is also not a major obstacle as it can be accomplished through techniques like PCR.

4. **Conclusion**:
- After analyzing all the options, the main challenging obstacle in the production of human insulin by genetic engineering is **Option B: Getting insulin assembled into a mature form**. This step poses difficulties primarily due to the presence of C-peptide during the maturation process.

### Final Answer:
The main challenging obstacle in the production of human insulin by genetic engineering is **B. Getting insulin assembled into a mature form**.

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