The first genetically engineered insulin was formed by the efforts of which biotechnology company?

Options

A. Eli - Lilly, U.S.A
B. Celera Genomics, U.S.A.
C. Nexia Technology, Canada
D. Biocon India

Answer

To answer the question about which biotechnology company was responsible for the formation of the first genetically engineered insulin, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Need for Insulin Synthesis**:
- Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas and is crucial for regulating blood sugar levels.
- People with diabetes have a deficiency of insulin, which necessitates the need for synthetic insulin.

2. **Historical Context**:
- Before the advent of genetically engineered insulin, insulin was extracted from the pancreases of animals, such as cattle and pigs. However, this animal-derived insulin had a slightly different chemical composition compared to human insulin.

3. **Identify Key Players in Insulin Production**:
- Eli Lilly was a significant player in the insulin market and was known for its work in diabetes treatment.
- The company acquired recombinant DNA technology from a small biotech startup called Genentech, which was instrumental in the development of synthetic human insulin.

4. **Evaluate the Options Provided**:
- Option 1: Eli Lilly USA
- Option 2: Celera Genomics USA
- Option 3: Nexia Technology Canada
- Option 4: Biocon India

5. **Select the Correct Answer**:
- Based on the historical context and the involvement of Eli Lilly in the production of the first genetically engineered insulin, the correct answer is **Option 1: Eli Lilly USA**.

### Final Answer:
The first genetically engineered insulin was formed by the efforts of **Eli Lilly USA**.

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