A molecule of chloral hydrate contains two -OH groups attached to a single carbon atom as shown below
`Cl-undersetunderset(Cl)(|)oversetoverset(Cl)(|)(C)-underset(OH)underset(|)oversetoverset(OH)(|)C-H`
Its extra stability is due to the presence of

Options

A. intramolecular hydrogen bonding .
B. its planar structure.
C. its symmetrical structure.
D. its unsymmetrical structure.

Answer

To solve the question regarding the extra stability of chloral hydrate due to the presence of specific interactions, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Structure of Chloral Hydrate**:
- Chloral hydrate has a carbon atom bonded to two -OH (hydroxyl) groups and three chlorine atoms. The structure can be represented as:
```
Cl
|
Cl-C(OH)-C(OH)-H
```

2. **Understand the Concept of Hydrogen Bonding**:
- Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like oxygen) experiences an electrostatic attraction to another electronegative atom.

3. **Differentiate Between Types of Hydrogen Bonding**:
- There are two types of hydrogen bonding:
- **Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding**: This occurs between different molecules.
- **Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding**: This occurs within a single molecule.

4. **Analyze the Presence of Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Chloral Hydrate**:
- In chloral hydrate, the -OH groups can form hydrogen bonds with each other within the same molecule. This is an example of intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

5. **Conclude the Source of Extra Stability**:
- The presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in chloral hydrate contributes to its extra stability. This stabilizes the molecule by reducing the energy of the system.

### Final Answer:
The extra stability of chloral hydrate is due to the presence of **intramolecular hydrogen bonding**.