Select correct statement about valence - bond approach :

Options

A. Each bond is formed by maximum overlap for its maximum stability
B. It represents localised electron model of bonding
C. Most of the electron retain the same orbital locations as in a separated atoms
D. All are correct .

Answer

To solve the question regarding the correct statements about the valence-bond approach, let's analyze each statement step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the First Statement
**Statement:** Each bond is formed by maximum overlap for its maximum stability.

**Explanation:**
In the valence-bond theory, covalent bonds are formed when atomic orbitals overlap. The greater the overlap between the orbitals of the two atoms, the stronger the bond formed. This is because maximum overlap leads to a greater electron density between the nuclei of the bonded atoms, resulting in increased stability of the bond.

**Conclusion:** This statement is correct.

### Step 2: Analyze the Second Statement
**Statement:** It represents a localized electron model of bonding.

**Explanation:**
The valence-bond theory indeed represents a localized electron model, where electrons are localized between the two atoms that are bonded. When atomic orbitals overlap, the electron density is concentrated in the region between the two nuclei, which characterizes the localized nature of the bond.

**Conclusion:** This statement is also correct.

### Step 3: Analyze the Third Statement
**Statement:** Most electrons retain the same orbital location as in a separated atom.

**Explanation:**
In the context of valence-bond theory, while the electrons do participate in bonding, they do so by overlapping their atomic orbitals. However, the statement suggests that most electrons retain their original orbital locations, which is misleading. The overlap of orbitals results in a new bonding orbital that is different from the original atomic orbitals. Therefore, this statement can be seen as somewhat misleading.

**Conclusion:** This statement is correct in the sense that atomic orbitals have specific orientations, but it does not accurately reflect the nature of bonding in terms of electron location.

### Step 4: Final Conclusion
Since the first two statements are clearly correct and the third statement has some truth but is misleading in its wording, we conclude that the overall understanding of the valence-bond approach supports the idea that:

- All statements have elements of truth, but the third statement is less clear.

Thus, the correct answer to the question is that all statements are correct to some extent, but the best interpretation is that the first two statements are more straightforwardly accurate.