Which of the following gases is adsorbed most by activated charcoal?

Options

A. `N_(2)`
B. `CO_(2)`
C. `O_(2)`
D. `Br_(2)`

Answer

To determine which gas is adsorbed most by activated charcoal, we need to consider the critical temperature of the gases in question. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Understand Adsorption
Adsorption is the process where gas molecules adhere to the surface of a solid, in this case, activated charcoal. The extent of adsorption depends on several factors, including the critical temperature of the gas.

### Step 2: Define Critical Temperature
The critical temperature of a gas is the temperature above which it cannot be liquefied, regardless of the pressure applied. Gases with higher critical temperatures are more easily liquefied and thus have stronger intermolecular forces when in the liquid state.

### Step 3: Relate Critical Temperature to Adsorption
Gases with higher critical temperatures are more likely to be adsorbed by activated charcoal. This is because, in the liquid state, these gases exhibit greater forces of attraction to the charcoal surface, leading to increased adsorption.

### Step 4: Compare Critical Temperatures of Given Gases
To solve the question, we need to compare the critical temperatures of the gases provided in the options. For example:
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- Nitrogen (N₂)
- Oxygen (O₂)
- Bromine (Br₂)

Among these, carbon dioxide has the highest critical temperature.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Since carbon dioxide (CO₂) has the highest critical temperature, it is the gas that will be adsorbed the most by activated charcoal compared to the other gases listed.

### Final Answer
**Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is adsorbed most by activated charcoal.**

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