The pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium are examples of :

Options

A. mucous membranes
B. body cavities
C. visceral organs
D. serous membranes

Answer

To answer the question about the pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium, we need to identify what type of membranes they are. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Define the Membranes
- **Pleura**: This is a membrane that surrounds the lungs. It consists of two layers: the visceral pleura (which is attached to the lungs) and the parietal pleura (which lines the chest wall).
- **Peritoneum**: This membrane surrounds the abdominal cavity. It also has two layers: the visceral peritoneum (covering the abdominal organs) and the parietal peritoneum (lining the abdominal wall).
- **Pericardium**: This membrane surrounds the heart. It consists of an outer fibrous layer and an inner serous layer, which has two parts: the visceral pericardium (attached to the heart) and the parietal pericardium (lining the fibrous pericardium).

### Step 2: Analyze the Options
- **Option A: Mucous Membrane**: These membranes line body cavities that open to the outside, such as the mouth and nasal passages. They are not related to the pleura, peritoneum, or pericardium.
- **Option B: Body Cavity**: This refers to fluid-filled spaces in the body but does not specifically describe the membranes in question.
- **Option C: Visceral Organs**: These are soft organs within the body, such as the heart and lungs, but this term does not refer to the membranes themselves.
- **Option D: Serous Membrane**: This is a thin membrane that produces serous fluid and lines body cavities. The pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium are all types of serous membranes.

### Step 3: Conclusion
Based on the definitions and analysis, the pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium are examples of **serous membranes**.

### Final Answer
**D. Serous Membrane**

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