The ventral end of ribs to sternum is connected together by :

Options

A. Hyaline cartilage
B. Articular cartilage
C. White fibrocartilage
D. Yellow elastic cartilage

Answer

To solve the question "The ventral end of ribs to sternum is connected together by:", we will analyze the options provided and determine the correct answer step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Structure of Ribs**:
- The human rib cage consists of 12 pairs of ribs.
- Each rib is a thin, flat bone that connects dorsally (at the back) to the vertebral column and ventrally (at the front) to the sternum.

**Hint**: Remember that ribs have two ends: one that connects to the spine and one that connects to the sternum.

2. **Identifying the Types of Ribs**:
- The first seven pairs of ribs are called **true ribs**. They are directly attached to the sternum.
- The 8th, 9th, and 10th pairs are known as **false ribs** or **vertebrochondral ribs** because they do not attach directly to the sternum but connect to the 7th rib via cartilage.
- The last two pairs (11th and 12th) are called **floating ribs** as they do not connect to the sternum at all.

**Hint**: Differentiate between true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs based on their attachment to the sternum.

3. **Connection Between Ribs and Sternum**:
- The ventral ends of the true ribs connect to the sternum through a type of cartilage.
- This cartilage is flexible and allows for the expansion of the rib cage during breathing.

**Hint**: Think about the type of cartilage that provides flexibility and support in the rib cage.

4. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Hyaline cartilage**: This is the type of cartilage that connects the ventral ends of the true ribs to the sternum.
- **Articular cartilage**: This cartilage covers the surfaces of bones at joints and is not involved in rib-sternum connections.
- **White fibrocartilage**: This type of cartilage is found in intervertebral discs and joints, not in rib connections.
- **Yellow elastic cartilage**: This cartilage is found in structures like the ear and is not related to rib connections.

**Hint**: Focus on the function and location of each type of cartilage to determine the correct answer.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer is **hyaline cartilage**, as it is specifically responsible for connecting the ventral ends of the ribs to the sternum.

### Final Answer:
The ventral end of ribs to sternum is connected together by **hyaline cartilage**.