The Darwinian variations are

Options

A. small and directionless
B. small and directinal
C. Random and directional
D. Random and directionless

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Darwinian Variations**: Darwinian variations refer to the small changes that occur in organisms over generations, which contribute to the process of evolution. These variations are crucial for natural selection.

2. **Characteristics of Variations**: According to Darwin, these variations are not large or drastic but are minor changes that accumulate over time. This gradual accumulation leads to speciation.

3. **Directionality of Variations**: The variations are described as "small and directional." This means that while they are minor, they tend to occur in a specific direction that can be advantageous for survival and reproduction.

4. **Distinction from Mutations**: It is important to note that mutations, which are changes in the genetic material, are considered random and directionless. This means that mutations do not have a specific goal or direction; they occur by chance.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the understanding of Darwinian variations and their characteristics, the correct answer to the question is that Darwinian variations are "small and directional."

**Final Answer**: The Darwinian variations are small and directional.

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