The correct order of the solubility of the different alcohols in water is :

Options

A. n - propyl alcohol `gt ` ethyl alcohol `gt ` n - butyl alcohol
B. Ethyl alcohol ` gt` n - butyl alcohol ` gt ` n - propyl alcohol
C. n - butyl alcohol ` gt` n - propyl alcohol `gt ` ethyl alcohol
D. Ethanol ` gt` n - propanol `gt` n - butyl alcohol

Answer

To determine the correct order of solubility of different alcohols in water, we need to consider the structure of the alcohols and how the number of carbon atoms affects their solubility. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Alcohols
We are comparing three alcohols:
1. Ethanol (C2H5OH)
2. N-Propanol (C3H7OH)
3. N-Butanol (C4H9OH)

### Step 2: Understand the Concept of Solubility in Alcohols
The solubility of alcohols in water is influenced by the size of the alkyl group (the hydrocarbon part of the molecule). Generally, as the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol increases, the solubility in water decreases. This is because larger alkyl groups are hydrophobic (water-repelling) and do not interact favorably with water.

### Step 3: Analyze Each Alcohol
- **Ethanol (C2H5OH)**: It has the smallest alkyl group (2 carbon atoms) and is highly soluble in water due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water.
- **N-Propanol (C3H7OH)**: It has a larger alkyl group (3 carbon atoms) compared to ethanol, leading to lower solubility than ethanol but still relatively soluble.
- **N-Butanol (C4H9OH)**: It has the largest alkyl group (4 carbon atoms) among the three, resulting in the least solubility in water.

### Step 4: Establish the Order of Solubility
Based on the analysis:
- Ethanol is the most soluble.
- N-Propanol is less soluble than ethanol but more soluble than N-Butanol.
- N-Butanol is the least soluble.

Thus, the correct order of solubility in water is:
\[ \text{Ethanol} > \text{N-Propanol} > \text{N-Butanol} \]

### Final Answer
The correct order of the solubility of the different alcohols in water is:
\[ \text{Ethanol} > \text{N-Propanol} > \text{N-Butanol} \]

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