Which of the following is not correct match ?

Options

A. Phenol + Pthalic anhydride ` to ` phenolphthalein
B. Phenol + Chloroform + Base `to` salicylic acid
C. Phenol + Methanal + `H^(+) to ` Bakelite
D. Phenol + dil `HNO_(3) to `o, p - nitrophenol

Answer

To determine which of the given reactions is not a correct match, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Option 1
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Phthalic Anhydride → Phenolphthalein
- **Explanation**: When phenol (C6H5OH) reacts with phthalic anhydride (C8H4O3) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), it forms phenolphthalein, which is a pH indicator. The reaction is valid and correctly describes the formation of phenolphthalein.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correct.

### Step 2: Analyze Option 2
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Chloroform + Base → Salicylic Acid
- **Explanation**: In this reaction, phenol reacts with chloroform (CHCl3) in the presence of a base. This is known as the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, which actually produces salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) and not salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid). Therefore, this option incorrectly states the product.
- **Conclusion**: This option is NOT correct.

### Step 3: Analyze Option 3
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Methanol + H+ → Bakelite
- **Explanation**: When phenol reacts with methanol (CH3OH) in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+), it forms Bakelite, which is a type of phenolic resin. This reaction is valid and correctly describes the formation of Bakelite.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correct.

### Step 4: Analyze Option 4
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Dilute HNO3 → Ortho-Para-Nitrophenol
- **Explanation**: When phenol reacts with dilute nitric acid (HNO3), it undergoes nitration to form ortho- and para-nitrophenol. This is a well-known reaction and is valid.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correct.

### Final Conclusion
After analyzing all options, we find that:
- **Option 2** is the only incorrect match as it states that phenol reacts with chloroform and base to give salicylic acid, while the actual product is salicylaldehyde.

### Answer
**The incorrect match is Option 2.**

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