which of the following products is formed in Lederer-Manasse reaction ?

Options

A. o-Crosol
B. o-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol
C. Benzyl alcohol
D. Resorcinol

Answer

To determine which product is formed in the Lederer-Manasse reaction, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Reaction**: The Lederer-Manasse reaction involves the condensation of phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid or base. This reaction leads to the formation of hydroxybenzyl alcohols.

2. **Identify the Reactants**: The main reactants in this reaction are:
- Phenol (C6H5OH)
- Formaldehyde (HCHO)

3. **Identify the Products**: The reaction typically produces two main products:
- Ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (minor product)
- Para-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (major product)

4. **Reaction Mechanism**:
- **Acid-Catalyzed Mechanism**:
- Formaldehyde reacts with an acid to form a carbocation.
- This carbocation then reacts with phenol, leading to the formation of ortho and para products.
- **Base-Catalyzed Mechanism**:
- Phenol reacts with a base to form phenoxide ion.
- The phenoxide ion then reacts with formaldehyde, leading to the same ortho and para products.

5. **Determine Major and Minor Products**:
- The major product is para-hydroxybenzyl alcohol due to less steric hindrance.
- The minor product is ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohol due to steric repulsion.

6. **Evaluate the Options**: Based on the products formed:
- Ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (correct)
- Para-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (major product)
- Benzyl alcohol (not formed)
- Resorcinol (not formed)

7. **Conclusion**: The correct answer to the question regarding the product formed in the Lederer-Manasse reaction is ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohol.

### Final Answer:
**Ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is formed in the Lederer-Manasse reaction.**

---