Phenol is heated with `C Cl_(4)` and alkaline `KOH` when salicylic acid is produced. The reaction is known as

Options

A. Friedel-Crafts reaction
B. Riemer-Tiemann reaction
C. Rosenmund's reaction
D. Sommelet reaction

Answer

To determine the name of the reaction where phenol is heated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and alkaline potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce salicylic acid, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
The reactants involved in the reaction are:
- Phenol (C₆H₅OH)
- Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)
- Alkaline potassium hydroxide (KOH)

### Step 2: Understand the Reaction Conditions
The reaction occurs under heating conditions. The presence of KOH indicates that it is in an alkaline medium, which is essential for the reaction to proceed.

### Step 3: Analyze the Reaction Mechanism
When phenol reacts with CCl₄ in the presence of KOH, a substitution reaction occurs. The hydroxyl group (-OH) of phenol is activated, and a chlorine atom from CCl₄ substitutes at the ortho position of the phenol ring, leading to the formation of a chlorinated phenol intermediate.

### Step 4: Formation of Salicylic Acid
The chlorinated phenol intermediate undergoes further reaction with KOH, which leads to the hydrolysis of the chlorinated compound. This results in the formation of salicylic acid (ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid), which has both a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at the ortho positions on the benzene ring.

### Step 5: Identify the Type of Reaction
The reaction described is known as the **Raymer-Thiemann reaction**. This reaction specifically involves the ortho-hydroxylation of phenols using CCl₄ and an alkaline medium, leading to the production of salicylic acid.

### Conclusion
Therefore, the reaction of phenol with carbon tetrachloride and alkaline potassium hydroxide to produce salicylic acid is known as the **Raymer-Thiemann reaction**.

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