Glycerol when treated with a mixture of cone . `HNO_(3)` and cone. `H_(2) SO_(2)` forms :

Options

A. Acrolein
B. Glycerol mononitrate
C. Glyceryl trinitrate
D. All of these

Answer

To solve the question of what glycerol forms when treated with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Reactants
Glycerol (C₃H₈O₃) is a triol, meaning it has three hydroxyl (-OH) groups. The reaction involves concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, which are both strong acids.

### Step 2: Identify the Reaction Type
The reaction between glycerol and the mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid is a nitration reaction. In this case, the nitric acid will introduce nitro groups (-NO₂) into the glycerol molecule.

### Step 3: Write the Structure of Glycerol
The structure of glycerol is:
```
CH2OH
|
CHOH
|
CH2OH
```

### Step 4: Nitration of Glycerol
When glycerol is treated with the mixture of concentrated HNO₃ and H₂SO₄, the hydroxyl groups (-OH) of glycerol can be replaced by nitro groups (-NO₂). The reaction can be represented as follows:
- Each -OH group in glycerol can be replaced by a -NO₂ group.

### Step 5: Form the Product
The product formed from the complete nitration of glycerol is glycerol trinitrate (C₃H₅N₃O₉), which contains three nitro groups. The reaction can be summarized as:
```
C₃H₈O₃ + 3 HNO₃ → C₃H₅N₃O₉ + 3 H₂O
```
This indicates that glycerol trinitrate is formed along with water.

### Step 6: Conclusion
Thus, when glycerol is treated with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, it forms glycerol trinitrate.

### Final Answer
The product formed is **glycerol trinitrate (C₃H₅N₃O₉)**.

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