Select an incorrect statement for gymnosperms

Options

A. Roots in some genera have fungal association in the form of mycorrhiza
B. Leaves may be simple or compound
C. In conifers, leaves reduce the surface area
D. Ovules are not enclosed by any integument

Answer

To determine the incorrect statement regarding gymnosperms, we will analyze each statement provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement Analysis**:
- **Statement 1**: "Roots in some genera have fungal association in the form of mycorrhizae."
- This statement is **correct**. Gymnosperms, such as Pinus, can have mycorrhizal associations that help in nutrient absorption.

2. **Statement 2**: "Leaves may be simple or compound."
- This statement is also **correct**. Gymnosperms can have both simple and compound leaves.

3. **Statement 3**: "In conifers, leaves reduce the surface area."
- This statement is **correct**. Conifer leaves are adapted to reduce surface area, which helps them withstand extreme temperatures and conditions.

4. **Statement 4**: "Ovules are not enclosed by an integument."
- This statement is **incorrect**. In gymnosperms, ovules are indeed enclosed by an integument. They bear integumented megasporangia.

### Conclusion:
After analyzing all the statements, the **incorrect statement** is the fourth one: "Ovules are not enclosed by an integument."

### Final Answer:
The incorrect statement for gymnosperms is: **"Ovules are not enclosed by an integument."**

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