Select incorrect statements

Options

A. Osmotic pressure is a hypothetical pressure and is a colligative property.
B. Imbibition is adsorption without forming solution
C. At field capacity is water potential is 0.1 MPa
D. Velocity of ascent of xylem sap is 4mm/sec.

Explanation

To solve the question of selecting the incorrect statements related to transport in plants, let's analyze each statement step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement 1: Osmotic pressure is a hypothetical pressure and is a colligative property.**
- **Analysis:** Osmotic pressure (OP) is indeed a hydrostatic pressure that develops in a solution when it is separated from pure solvent by a semi-permeable membrane. It is considered a colligative property because it depends on the number of solute particles in a solution, not their identity.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

2. **Statement 2: Imbibation is an absorption without forming a solution.**
- **Analysis:** Imbibation refers to the process where a hydrophilic solid absorbs water without dissolving. This process does not result in the formation of a solution, as the solid retains its structure.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

3. **Statement 3: At field capacity, water potential is 0.1 megapascal.**
- **Analysis:** Field capacity refers to the amount of soil moisture or water held in the soil after excess water has drained away. The typical water potential at field capacity is approximately -0.01 megapascal (not 0.1 megapascal). Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

4. **Statement 4: Velocity of ascent of xylem sap is 4 millimeters per second.**
- **Analysis:** The velocity of ascent of xylem sap can vary, but it is generally accepted that it can reach speeds around 4 millimeters per second under certain conditions. This statement is considered to be correct.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

### Final Answer:
The incorrect statement is **Statement 3**: "At field capacity, water potential is 0.1 megapascal."

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