0.012g of `Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)` is present in 500 ml of water. Presuming density of water to be 1g/cc, what is the hardness in ppm in terms of `CaCO_(3)`?
0.012g of `Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)` is present in 500 ml of water. Presuming density of water to be 1g/cc, what is the hardness in ppm in terms of `CaCO_(3)`?
Text Solution
AI Generated Solution
To find the hardness in ppm (parts per million) in terms of CaCO₃ from the given amount of Ca(HCO₃)₂, we can follow these steps:
### Step 1: Determine the molar mass of Ca(HCO₃)₂
The molar mass of calcium bicarbonate, Ca(HCO₃)₂, can be calculated as follows:
- Calcium (Ca): 40.08 g/mol
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol (2 H in the formula)
- Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol (2 C in the formula)
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol (6 O in the formula)
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A water is said to be soft water if it produces sufficient foam with the soap and waterthat does not produce foam with soap is known as hard water. Hardness has been classified into two types (i)Temporary hardness (ii) Permanent hardness. Temporary hardness is due to presence of calcium and magnesium bicarbonate. It is simply removed by boiling as Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr CaCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O Mg(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr MgCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O temporary hardness can also be removed by addition of slaked lime, Ca(OH)_(2) Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)+Ca(OH)_(2)to2CaCO_(3)darr+2H_(2)O permanent hardsness is due to presencce of sulphates and chlorides of Ca,Mg,etc. It is removed by washing soda as CaCl_(2)+Na_(2)CO_(3)toCaCO_(3)darr+2NaCl CaSO(4)+Na_(2)CO_(3)to CaCO_(3)darr+Na_(2)SO_(4) Permanent hardness also removed by ion exchange resin process as 2RH+Ca^(2+)toR_(2)Ca+2H^(+) 2ROH+SO_(4)^(2-)toR_(2)SO_(4)+2OH^(-) The degree of hardness of water is measured in terms of PPm of CaCO_(3) 100 PPm means 100 g of CaCO_(3) is present in 10^(6) g of H_(2)O . If any other water sample which contain 120 PPm of MgSO_(4) , hardness in terms of CaCO_(3) is equal to =100 PPm. A 200 g sample of hard water is passed through the column of cation exchange resin, in which H^(+) is exchanged by Ca^(2+) .The outlet water of column required 50mL of 0.1 M NaOH for complete neutralization.What is the hardness of Ca^(2+) ion in PPm?
A water is said to be soft water if it produces sufficient foam with the soap and water that does not produce foam with soap is known as hard water. Hardness has been classified into two types (i)Temporary hardness (ii) Permanent hardness. Temporary hardness is due to presence of calcium and magnesium bicarbonate. It is simply removed by boiling as Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr CaCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O Mg(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr MgCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O temporary hardness can also be removed by addition of slaked lime, Ca(OH)_(2) Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)+Ca(OH)_(2)to2CaCO_(3)darr+2H_(2)O permanent hardsness is due to presencce of sulphates and chlorides of Ca,Mg,etc. It is removed by washing soda as CaCl_(2)+Na_(2)CO_(3)toCaCO_(3)darr+2NaCl CaSO(4)+Na_(2)CO_(3)to CaCO_(3)darr+Na_(2)SO_(4) Permanent hardness also removed by ion exchange resin process as 2RH+Ca^(2+) to R_(2)Ca+2H^(+) 2ROH+SO_(4)^(2-)toR_(2)SO_(4)+2OH^(-) The degree of hardness of water is measured in terms of PPm of CaCO_(3) 100 PPm means 100 g of CaCO_(3) is present in 10^(6) g of H_(2)O . If any other water sample which contain 120 PPm of MgSO_(4) , hardness in terms of CaCO_(3) is equal to =100 PPm. What is the mass of Ca(OH)_(2) required for 10 litre of water remove temporary hardness of 100 PPm due to Ca(HCO_(3))_(2) ?
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A water is said to be soft water if it produces sufficient foam with the soap and water that does not produce foam with soap is known as hard water. Hardness has been classified into two types (i)Temporary hardness (ii) Permanent hardness. Temporary hardness is due to presence of calcium and magnesium bicarbonate. It is simply removed by boiling as Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr CaCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O Mg(HCO_(3))_(2)overset(Delta)rarr MgCO_(3)darr+CO_(2)uarr+H_(2)O temporary hardness can also be removed by addition of slaked lime, Ca(OH)_(2) Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)+Ca(OH)_(2) to 2CaCO_(3)darr+2H_(2)O permanent hardsness is due to presencce of sulphates and chlorides of Ca,Mg,etc. It is removed by washing soda as CaCl_(2)+Na_(2)CO_(3) to CaCO_(3)darr+2NaCl CaSO(4)+Na_(2)CO_(3)to CaCO_(3)darr+Na_(2)SO_(4) Permanent hardness also removed by ion exchange resin process as 2RH+Ca^(2+)toR_(2)Ca+2H^(+) 2ROH+SO_(4)^(2-) to R_(2)SO_(4)+2OH^(-) The degree of hardness of water is measured in terms of PPm of CaCO_(3) 100 PPm means 100 g of CaCO_(3) is present in 10^(6) g of H_(2)O . If any other water sample which contain 120 PPm of MgSO_(4) , hardness in terms of CaCO_(3) is equal to =100 PPm. One litre of a sample of hard water (d=1 g/mL) cotains 136 mg of CaSO_(4) and 190 mg of MgCl_(2) . What is the total hardness of water in terms of CaCO_(3) ?