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The dipole moment of LiH is 1.964 xx10^(...

The dipole moment of `LiH` is `1.964 xx10^(-29)Cm` and the interatomic diatance between `Li` and `H` in this molceule is `1.596Å` .What is the per cent ionic character in `LiH`.

Text Solution

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(a) Partical charge `=("Dipole moment ")/("Bond dis tance ")`
`= (1.2 xx 10 ^(-8)"esu cm")/(1.0 xx 20 ^(-8)cm) = 1. 2 xx 10 ^(-10))=0.25 = 25%`ofe.
(b) The dipole moment of `100%` ionic molecule `(Li ^(+)H^(-))`
= (1 elecronic charge) (interatomic distance)
` = (1.602 xx 10 ^(-19) C) ( 1.596 xx 10 ^(-10)m)`
`= 2.577 xx 10 ^(-29)Cm`
Fractional ionic character
`= ("Exp. value of dipole moment")/("Theoretical value of dipole moment") = ( 1. 964 xx 10 ^(-29))/(2.557 xx 10 ^(-29))= 0.768`
The bond in LiH is `76.8%` ionic.
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